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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a corner structure (16) for a sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage tank comprising a plurality of walls (1, 101, 201) said corner structure (16) being intended to be arranged at an angle between a first wall (101) and a second wall (201) and comprising: a first angle (32) anchored to an anchoring device (16) intended to be fixed to the support structure (3) of the first and the second wall (101, 201); the anchoring device (16) comprising a first leg (18) and a second leg (19) intersecting with each other, each of the first and second legs (18, 19) having an external portion (24, 25 ) and an internal portion (22, 23) arranged on either side of an intersection between the first tab (18) and the second tab (19); the corner structure (16) further comprising a first insulating panel (42) which is disposed in a first space delimited by the internal portion (22) of the first tab (18) and the external portion (25) of the second tab (19) and a first lateral element of insulating lining (48) which is compressed between the first insulating panel (42) and the external portion (25) of the second leg (19).
    公开号:FR3084645A1
    申请号:FR1857325
    申请日:2018-08-06
    公开日:2020-02-07
    发明作者:Mohamed SASSI；Ronan Le Bihan
    申请人:Gaztransport et Technigaz SARL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical area
    The invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks for the storage and / or transport of a fluid, such as liquefied gas and relates more particularly to a corner structure for such a tank.
    Sealed and thermally insulating tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at around -163 ° C or for the storage of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank can be intended for the transport of liquefied gas or to receive liquefied gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
    Technological background
    Document US20170227164 discloses a corner structure for a sealed and thermally insulating tank. The corner structure comprises a movable corner piece which consists of a primary angle and a secondary angle separated from each other and respectively welded to the primary sealing membranes of the two adjacent walls and to the membranes. secondary sealing of the two adjacent walls. The movable corner piece is slidably mounted on an anchoring device which has two legs arranged perpendicular to each other and fixed to a base which is anchored to the supporting structure of each of the two adjacent walls. The two tabs each have openings and connecting tabs formed between the openings, the connecting tabs of each of the two tabs passing through the openings of the other tab. This aims to limit the stress concentrations in the corner structure.
    In order to thermally insulate the corner structure, it has a first insulating panel which is disposed against the supporting structure of the first wall and fills a space delimited by the internal portion of the first leg and the external portion of the second paw. Likewise, the corner structure comprises a second insulating panel which is disposed against the supporting structure of the second wall and fills a space delimited by the internal portion of the second tab and the external portion of the first tab. Insulating elements are also positioned in the space formed between the external portions of the first and second legs. A triangular space is left unoccupied between the movable corner piece and the internal portions of the two legs. Another triangular space is also unoccupied, on the other side of the intersection between the two legs, in the area delimited by the outer portion of the two legs. The aforementioned empty triangular spaces make it possible to increase the freedom of movement of the two legs so as to further limit the concentrations of stresses in the corner structure.
    However, it was found that the thermal insulation performance of such a corner structure was not satisfactory.
    summary
    An idea underlying the invention is to provide a corner structure of the aforementioned type in which the thermal insulation performance is increased.
    According to one embodiment, the invention provides a corner structure for a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid comprising a first wall and a second wall which each have successively, in a thickness direction of said wall , from the outside to the inside of the tank, a support structure, a thermally insulating barrier retained at the support structure and a sealing membrane supported by said thermally insulating barrier; said angle structure being intended to be arranged at an angle between the first wall and the second wall, the angle structure comprising: a first angle comprising a first wing and a second wing which extend respectively in a first plane intended to be positioned parallel to the first wall and along a second plane intended to be positioned parallel to the second wall, the first wing and the second wing being respectively intended to be welded in a sealed manner to the sealing membrane of the first wall and to the sealing membrane of the second wall; said first angle iron being anchored to an anchoring device intended to be fixed to the support structure of the first and second walls; the anchoring device comprising a first leg and a second leg intersecting with each other, the first leg and the second leg extending respectively parallel to the first and to the second plane, each of the first and second legs comprising a portion external and an internal portion arranged on either side of an intersection between the first leg and the second leg, the first wing of the first angle being secured to the internal portion of the first leg and the second wing of the first angle being secured to the internal portion of the second leg, the external portion of the first leg and the external portion of the second leg being intended to extend from the intersection respectively towards the load-bearing wall of the second wall and towards the load-bearing wall of the first wall;
    the corner structure further comprising a first insulating panel which is disposed in a first space delimited by the internal portion of the first leg and the external portion of the second leg and a first lateral element of insulating lining which is compressed between the first insulating panel and the outer portion of the second leg.
    Thus, the first lateral element of the insulating lining being compressed, it is able to relax to compensate for the thermal contraction of the first insulating panel. Consequently, the first lateral element of the insulating lining makes it possible to ensure continuity of the thermal insulation and to limit the phenomena of convection inside the corner structure.
    According to embodiments, such a corner structure may include one or more of the following characteristics.
    According to one embodiment, the first plane and the second plane are perpendicular to each other.
    According to another embodiment, the first plane and the second plane form an angle of 135 °.
    According to one embodiment, the corner structure further comprises a second insulating panel which is arranged in a second space delimited by the internal portion of the second leg and the external portion of the first leg and a second lateral element of insulating lining. which is compressed between the second insulating panel and the outer portion of the first tab.
    According to one embodiment, the first and / or the second insulating panels comprise a layer of polymer foam chosen from polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam and polyvinyl chloride foam.
    According to one embodiment, the layer of polymeric foam of the first and / or of the second insulating panels is reinforced with fibers. This makes it possible in particular to limit the thermal contraction of said insulating panel. According to one embodiment, the fibers are glass fibers.
    According to another embodiment, the layer of polymeric foam of the first and / or of the second insulating panels is devoid of fibers. The insulating panel (s) is thus less expensive. In addition, the thermal contraction of said insulating panel can at least partly be compensated by the first or the second lateral element of insulating lining.
    According to one embodiment, the layer of insulating polymer foam of the first and / or of the second insulating panels has a density of between 90 and 240 kg / m 3 .
    According to one embodiment, the first and / or the second lateral elements of the insulating lining have a density of less than 90 kg / m 3 , and preferably between 20 and 50 kg / m 3 . Such a material is particularly easy to compress.
    According to one embodiment, the first and / or the second side elements of insulating lining comprise a layer made of a material chosen from glass wool, rock wool, polyester wadding, polyurethane, melamine, polyethylene foams , polypropylene or silicone.
    According to one embodiment, the first lateral element of insulating lining comprises a plurality of layers made of glass wool and separated from each other by dividers extending parallel to the foreground. This limits the convection inside the glass wool.
    According to one embodiment, the second lateral insulating lining element comprises a plurality of layers made of glass wool and separated from each other by dividers extending parallel to the second plane. This limits the convection inside the glass wool.
    According to one embodiment, the separators are made of kraft paper.
    According to one embodiment, the first angle comprises a middle portion which connects the first wing and the second wing of said first angle and is inclined relative to the first plane and to the second plane, the median portion of the first angle defining with the portion internal of the first leg and the internal portion of the second leg an internal space with triangular section, said internal space with triangular section being stuffed with an internal element of insulating lining which is compressed between the middle portion of the first angle, the internal portion of the first leg and the inner portion of the second leg.
    According to one embodiment, the middle portion is perpendicular to the bisector of the angle formed at the intersection between the first and the second planes.
    According to one embodiment, the internal insulating lining element has a density of less than 90 kg / m 3 , and preferably between 20 and 50 kg / m 3 .
    According to one embodiment, the internal insulating lining element comprises a layer made of a material chosen from glass wool, rock wool, polyester wadding, polyurethane, melamine, polyethylene, polypropylene or silicone foams.
    According to one embodiment, the second lateral insulating lining element comprises a plurality of layers made of glass wool and separated from each other by separators, for example made of kraft paper, extending parallel to the middle portion of the angle .
    According to one embodiment, the anchoring device further comprises a base on which the external portions of the first and second legs are fixed, the base comprising a first fixing portion intended to be fixed to the support structure of the first wall and a second fixing portion intended to be fixed to the supporting structure of the second wall, the base further comprising a connecting portion which connects the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion and is inclined relative to the first plane and to the second plane, the connecting portion of the base defining, on the one hand, a first external space of triangular section delimited by the connecting portion of the base, the external portion of the first tab and the external portion of the second leg and on the other hand, a second external space of triangular section intended to be delimited by the connecting portion of the base, the support structure of the first wall and the support structure of the second wall.
    According to one embodiment, the first fixing portion is parallel to the first plane and fixed to the external portion of the second tab.
    According to one embodiment, the second fixing portion is parallel to the second plane and fixed to the external portion of the first tab.
    According to one embodiment, the connecting portion of the base is perpendicular to the bisector of the angle formed at the intersection between the first and the second planes.
    According to one embodiment, the first external space of triangular section is stuffed with a first external element of insulating lining which is compressed between the external portion of the first tab, the external portion of the second tab and the connecting portion of the base.
    According to one embodiment, the corner structure comprises an insulating panel with trapezoidal section which is housed in the first external space with triangular section, bearing against the connection portion of the base and the rest of the first external space with section triangular is stuffed with a first external element of insulating lining which is compressed between the insulating panel with trapezoidal section, the external portion of the first leg and the external portion of the second leg.
    According to one embodiment, the first external insulating element has a density of less than 90 kg / m 3 [, and preferably between 20 and 50 kg / m 3 .
    According to one embodiment, the first external insulating lining element comprises a layer made of a material chosen from glass wool, rock wool, polyester wadding, polyurethane, melamine, polyethylene, polypropylene or silicone foams.
    According to one embodiment, the first external insulating lining element comprises a plurality of layers made of glass wool and separated from each other by separators, for example made of kraft paper, extending parallel to the connecting portion of the 'base.
    According to one embodiment, the second external space of triangular section is stuffed with a second external element of insulating lining.
    According to one embodiment, the second external insulating element is arranged to be compressed between the connecting portion of the base, the support structure of the first wall and the support structure of the second wall.
    According to another embodiment, the second external insulating element is compressed between the connection portion of the base, an external rigid plate pressed against the support structure of the first wall and an external rigid plate pressed against the support structure. the second wall.
    According to one embodiment, the second external insulating lining element has a density of less than 90 kg / m 3 , and preferably between 20 and 50 kg / m 3 .
    According to one embodiment, the second external insulating lining element comprises a layer made of a material chosen from glass wool, rock wool, polyester wadding, polyurethane, melamine, polyethylene, polypropylene or silicone foams.
    According to one embodiment, the second external insulating lining element comprises a plurality of layers made of glass wool and separated from each other by separators, for example made of kraft paper, extending parallel to the connecting portion of the 'base.
    According to one embodiment, the first external space with triangular section and the second external space with triangular section are respectively filled with at least a first external element of insulating lining and a second external element of insulating lining, the corner structure comprising at in addition to either side of the anchoring device in a direction parallel to the angle between the first wall and the second wall, a third insulating panel and a fourth insulating panel, the corner structure further comprising a third element of insulating lining which is compressed between, on the one hand, the third insulating panel and, on the other hand, the first external element of insulating lining and the second external element of insulating lining and a fourth element of insulating lining which is compressed between , on the one hand, the fourth insulating panel and, on the other hand, the first external lining element i solante and the second external insulating element.
    According to one embodiment, each of the first and second legs has openings and connecting tabs formed between the openings, the connecting tabs of each of the first and second legs passing through openings of the other of the first and second legs .
    According to one embodiment, the first wing and the second wing of the first angle are slidably mounted in a direction parallel to the intersection between the first leg and the second leg respectively on the inner portion of the first leg and the inner portion of the second leg.
    According to one embodiment, the sealing membrane of the first wall and of the second wall to which the first wing are welded and the second wing of the first angle is a secondary sealing membrane; the corner structure further comprising a second angle which is separated from the first angle by one or more spacers, the second angle comprising a first wing parallel to the foreground and intended to be welded to a primary sealing membrane of the first wall and a second wing parallel to the second plane and intended to be welded to a primary sealing membrane of the second wall.
    Note that if, in a preferred embodiment, the first lateral element of insulating lining, the second lateral element of insulating lining, the internal element of insulating lining, the first external element of insulating lining and the second external element of insulating lining are used in combination, they can also be used independently of each other and in particular without the corner structure comprising a first lateral element of insulating lining.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a first wall and a second wall having successively, in a thickness direction of said wall, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a support structure, a thermally insulating barrier retained at the support structure and a waterproofing membrane supported by said thermally insulating barrier; said watertight and thermally insulating tank comprising an above-mentioned corner structure disposed at an angle between the first wall and the second wall; the first wing and the second wing of the first angle iron being respectively tightly welded to the waterproofing membrane of the first wall and to the waterproofing membrane of the second wall and the anchoring device being fixed to the support structure of the first and second walls.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a vessel comprising a said tank.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading a te! ship, in which a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel of the ship.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned ship, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the ship to a floating or land storage installation. and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipes from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel of the ship.
    Brief description of the figures
    The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of illustration and without limitation. , with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    - Figure 1 is a sectional view of a wall of a sealed and thermally insulating tank.
    - Figure 2 is a perspective view of a corner structure.
    - Figure 3 is a perspective view of an anchoring device for anchoring a corner piece to the supporting structures.
    - Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the anchoring device and the corner piece.
    - Figure 5 is a sectional view of a corner structure according to a first embodiment.
    - Figure 6 is a sectional view of a corner structure according to a second embodiment.
    - Figure 7 is a sectional view of a corner structure according to a third embodiment.
    - Figure 8 is a cutaway schematic representation of an LNG tank and a loading / unloading terminal of this tank.
    - Figure 9 is a partial perspective view of a corner structure according to an alternative embodiment.
    Detailed description of embodiments
    By convention, the terms "external" and "internal" are used to define the relative position of one element with respect to another, by reference to the interior and exterior of the tank.
    In connection with FIG. 1, a wall 1 is described for a sealed and thermally insulating tank intended for the storage of a liquefied gas. The liquefied gas can in particular be a liquefied natural gas (LNG) or a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
    Each wall 1 comprises a multilayer structure which successively has, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, in the thickness direction of the wall, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 resting against a support structure 3, a membrane of secondary seal 4 anchored on the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, a primary thermally insulating barrier 5 resting against the secondary sealing membrane 4, and a primary sealing membrane 6 intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the space inside of the tank.
    The supporting structure 3 is for example formed by the double hull of a ship but can more generally be formed from any type of rigid partition having appropriate mechanical properties.
    The secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises insulating blocks 7 which are juxtaposed and anchored on the support structure 3. According to one embodiment, each insulating block 7 comprises a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between a rigid plate internal and an external rigid plate. The internal and external rigid plates are, for example, plywood plates glued to said layer of insulating polymeric foam. The insulating polymer foam can in particular be a polyurethane foam, optionally of high density and optionally reinforced with glass fibers. The insulating blocks 7 are anchored to the support structure 3 by means of fixing devices, not shown.
    The secondary sealing membrane 4 comprises a plurality of metal sheets 9 which are welded to each other, in a leaktight manner. The metal sheets 9 have corrugations 10, 11 which allow the secondary sealing membrane 4 to be flexible in order to be able to deform under the effect of the thermal and mechanical stresses generated by the liquefied gas stored in the tank. The metal sheets 9 are anchored to the support structure 3, either by welding to the fixing devices, ensuring the fixing of the insulation blocks 7 to the support structure 3 or by welding to metal plates fixed to the insulation blocks 7.
    The primary thermally insulating barrier 5 comprises a plurality of rigid plates 12, for example of plywood, resting against the secondary sealing membrane 4. The rigid plates 12 aim to maintain a spacing in the thickness direction of the tank wall between the primary sealing membrane 6 and the secondary sealing membrane 4. The rigid plates 12 are for example anchored on the secondary sealing membrane 4.
    The primary thermally insulating barrier 5 has a plurality of openings through which the corrugations 10, 11 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 protrude towards the inside of the tank.
    The primary sealing membrane 6 comprises a plurality of metal sheets 13 which are welded to each other, in a leaktight manner. The metal sheets 13 also have corrugations 14, 15 which allow the primary sealing membrane 6 to be flexible. The corrugations 14, 15 of the primary sealing membrane 6 are positioned in line with the corrugations 10, 11 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 so that the corrugations 10, 11 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 protrude at the inside the corrugations 14, 15 of the primary sealing membrane 6. The metal sheets 13 are anchored to the support structure 3, either by welding on the fixing devices ensuring the anchoring of the rigid plates 12 on the support structure 3 or by welding on metal plates fixed on the rigid plates 12.
    In relation to FIGS. 2 to 5, there is a corner structure 16 arranged at the intersection between a first and a second wall, referenced 101, 201 in FIG. 5. In the embodiment shown, the structure angle 16 is intended for an angle of the tank in which the first wall 101 and the second wall 201 are perpendicular to each other. However, according to other embodiments not shown, the angle formed at the intersection between the first wall 101 and the second wall 201 is different from 90 ° and is for example 135 °.
    The corner structure 16 comprises anchoring devices 17 which are intended to be regularly distributed along the angle formed at the intersection between the first wall 101 and the second wall 201. The anchoring devices 17 aim to anchor the secondary and primary sealing membranes 4, 6 to the support structure 3 at the corner structure 16.
    In connection with FIGS. 3 and 4, an anchoring device 16 is described. Each anchoring device 16 comprises a first tab 18 and a second tab 19 which are intersecting with one another. The first tab 18 is intended to be positioned parallel to the first wall 101 while the second tab 19 is intended to be positioned parallel to the second wall 201. The first and second legs 18, 19 thus form a cross. When the angle formed at the intersection of the first wall 101 and the second wall 201 is 90 ° as in Figures 2 to 5, the first and the second legs 18, 19 are perpendicular to each other .
    Each of the first and second legs 18, 19 has an internal portion 22, 23 and an external portion 24, 25 respectively disposed on either side of the intersection between the first and the second legs 18, 19. Furthermore, in the intersection area of the first and second legs 18, 19, each of the first and second legs 18, 19 has openings 20 and connecting tabs 21 formed between the openings 20. The connecting tabs 21 thus connect the portion internal 22, 23 to the external portion 24, 25 of said first or second tab 18, 19.
    The connecting tabs 21 of the first tab 18 pass through the openings 20 of the second tab 19 while the connecting tabs 21 of the second tab 19 pass through the openings 20 of the second tab 19. In order to allow a te! assembly of the first and second legs 18, 19, at least one of the first and second legs 18, 19 is made in two parts which are welded to each other at the connecting tabs 21 after said said connecting tabs 21 have been inserted through the openings 20 of the other tab 18, 19. Such an assembly is advantageous in that it makes it possible to avoid concentrations of stresses at the intersection between the first and the second legs 18, 19.
    Each anchoring device 16 further comprises a base 26 by means of which the first and second legs 18, 19 are secured to the support structure 3 of the first wall 101 and the second wall 201. The base 26 has a first and a second fixing portion 27, 28 which are respectively parallel to the first wall 101 and to the second wall 201. The first fixing portion 27 is intended to be fixed against the support structure 3 of the first wall 101 while the second fixing portion 28 is fixed against the second wall 201. In one embodiment, each of the first and second fixing portions 27, 28 has holes through which pass threaded studs, not shown, cooperating with nuts so as to fixing said fixing portions 27, 28 to the support structure 3 of the respective wall 101,201.
    Furthermore, the base 26 comprises a connecting portion 29 which connects the first and the second fixing portion 27, 28. The connecting portion 29 extends perpendicular to the bisector of the angle formed at the intersection between the first and second walls 101, 201. Thus, when the angle formed at the intersection between the first and second walls 101, 201 is 90 ° as in the embodiment shown, the connecting portion 29 is inclined d 'an angle of 45 ° with respect to the first and the second walls 101, 201.
    The first tab 18 and the second tab 19 are welded to the base 26. More particularly, the end of the external portion 24 of the first tab 18 is fixed to the second fixing portion 28 of the base 26 and the end of the external portion 25 of the second tab 19 is welded to the first fixing portion 27.
    Furthermore, the corner structure 16 comprises a corner piece 30, in particular shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 5 which is mounted movable in translation on the internal portions 22, 23 of the first and second legs 18, 19 of the devices anchor 17. The corner piece 30 comprises two angles, namely a primary angle 31 and a secondary angle 32. Each of the primary angles 31 and secondary 32 has a first wing 33, 34 parallel to the first wall 101, a second wing 35, 36 parallel to the second wall 201 and a middle portion 37, 38 which connects the first and second wings 33, 34, 35, 36 of said primary angle 31 or secondary 32. The middle portion 37, 38 of each primary 31 and secondary 32 angles extends perpendicular to the bisector of the angle formed at the intersection between the first and the second walls 101, 201. Thus, in the embodiment shown, the portion median 37, 38 is inclined at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the first and second walls 101,201.
    The primary angle 31 and the secondary angle 32 are separated from one another by means of one or more spacers, not shown. The spacers are for example made of plywood and have metal plates on which are welded the primary angle 31 and the secondary angle 32. The first wing 34 and the second wing 36 of the secondary angle 32 respectively protrude beyond the first wing 33 and the second wing 35 of the primary angle 31.
    The first wing 34 and the second wing 36 of the secondary angle iron 32 are respectively intended to be sealingly welded to the secondary sealing membrane 4 of the first wall 101 and the second wall 201 while the first wing 33 and the second wing 35 of the primary angle 31 are respectively intended to be welded in a sealed manner to the primary sealing membrane 6 of the first wall 101 and of the second wall 201. The primary angle 31 and the secondary angle 32 thus ensure continuity of the primary 6 and secondary 4 waterproofing membranes at the corner structure 16.
    As shown in FIG. 4, in order to ensure the translational mobility of the corner piece 30 relative to the anchoring device 16, the corner piece 30 has guide projections 39 which are received in grooves of guide 40. The guide projections 39 project from the outer face of the first and second wings 34, 36 of the secondary angle iron 32. The guide grooves 40 are formed near the internal end of the internal portions 22, 23 of the first and second tabs 18, 19. Furthermore, the corner structure 16 includes stop elements 41 which make it possible to prevent the guide projections 39 from escaping from the guide grooves 40. To do this, the projections of guide 39 protrude beyond one of the wings 34, 36 of the secondary angle iron 32 and the stop elements 40 are fixed to the internal portion 22, 23 by covering part of one of the guide projections 39 of my to prevent it from escaping from the guide groove 40.
    Furthermore, the corner structure 16 includes insulating elements making it possible to thermally insulate said corner structure 16.
    As shown in FIG. 5, the corner structure 16 comprises first and second insulating panels 42, 43 which are respectively arranged in a first space which is delimited by the supporting structure 3 of the first wall 101, the internal portion 22 of the first tab 18 and the external portion 25 of the second tab 19 and in a second space which is delimited by the support structure 3 of the second wall 201, the internal portion 23 of the second tab 19 and the external portion 24 of the first tab 18. The first and second insulating panels 42, 43 are capable of extending along several anchoring devices 17 distributed along the intersection between the first wall 101 and the second wall 201.
    Each of the first and second insulating panels 42, 43 comprises a layer of insulating polymer foam 44 which advantageously has a density of between 90 and 240 kg / m 3 . The insulating polymeric foam layer 44 is advantageously a polyurethane foam but can also be a polyethylene foam or a polyvinyl chloride foam. According to one embodiment, the layer of insulating polymer foam 44 is reinforced with fibers, such as glass vibrations. This allows in particular to limit the thermal contraction of the foam. According to another embodiment, the polymer foam is devoid of fibers and is therefore less expensive.
    The layer of insulating polymeric foam 44 is sandwiched between two rigid plates, internal 45 and external 46, bonded to said layer of insulating polymeric foam 44. The rigid plates, internal 45 and external 46, are for example made of plywood.
    The first panel 42 is intended to be fixed against the support structure 3 of the first wall 101 and the second panel 43 is intended to be fixed against the support structure 3 of the second wall 201. The first and second panels 42, 43 are , for example, fixed to the respective support structure 3 by means of threaded studs, not shown, which are welded to said support structure 3 and which pass through wells, not shown, formed in said first and second panels 42, 43. Nuts are screwed onto the studs and are pressed against the bottom of the wells so as to retain said first or second panel 42, 43 at the support structure 3. According to one embodiment, tubes 47 of polymerizable resin are placed between the supporting structure 3 and the external plate 46 of the first and second panels 42, 43 in order to compensate for the flatness defects.
    Furthermore, the corner structure 16 comprises a first lateral element of insulating lining 48 which is compressed between the first panel 42 and the external portion 25 of the second tab 19. Likewise, the corner structure 16 comprises a second element side of the insulating lining 49 which is compressed between the second panel 43 and the external portion 24 of the first tab 18. The lateral elements of the insulating lining 48, 49 are thus able to relax and fill the gaps when, during cold of the tank, the first insulating panel 42 and the second insulating panel 43 contract. The lateral elements of the insulating lining 48, 49 thus make it possible to eliminate or reduce as much as possible the convection movements inside the corner structure 16. The lateral elements of the insulating lining 48, 49 have a density of less than 90 kg. / m 3 and for example between 20 and 50 kg / m 3 . They are for example made of glass wool but can also be made of rock wool, polyester wadding, polyurethane foam, melamine foam, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam or silicone foam. The lateral elements of the insulating lining 48, 49 for example have a width of between 20 mm and 60 mm. Such lateral elements of insulating lining are advantageously arranged over the entire length of the corner structure 16.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the lateral elements of insulating lining 48, 49 have a stack of layers of glass wool which are separated from each other by separators 50, for example made of kraft paper. Advantageously, the separators 50 are parallel to the first wall 101 for the first lateral element of insulating lining 48 and parallel to the second wall 201 for the second lateral element of insulating lining 49. Thus, such separators 50 make it possible to limit the convection movements inside the glass wool.
    Furthermore, the corner structure 16 also includes an internal insulating lining element 51 which has a triangular section. The internal insulating lining element 50 is stuffed into the internal space of triangular section which is defined by the internal portion 22 of the first tab 18, the internal portion 23 of the second tab 19 and the middle portion 38 of the secondary angle 32. Thus the internal insulating element 51 is compressed between the internal portion 22 of the first tab 18, the internal portion 23 of the second tab 29 and the middle portion 38 of the secondary angle 32. Such an internal element of lining insulator 50 ensures continuity of the thermal insulation and limits convection movements in the corner structure 16. Advantageously, one or more internal elements of insulating lining 51 extend over the entire length of the corner structure 16.
    The internal insulating lining element 51 is made of one of the previously mentioned materials in relation to the lateral insulating lining elements 48, 49.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the internal insulating lining element 51 has a stack of layers of glass wool which are separated from each other by separators 52, for example made of kraft paper. In order to limit the convection movements inside the glass wool, the separators 52 are advantageously oriented orthogonally to the bisector of the angle formed at the intersection between the first wall 101 and the second wall 201.
    Furthermore, the connecting portion 29 of the base 26 separates the space delimited by the external portions 24, 25 of the first and second legs 18, 19 and by the carrying structure 3 of the first and second walls 101, 201 into a first external space of triangular section 53 and a second external space of triangular section 54. The first external space of triangular section 53 is delimited by the external portions 24, 25 of the first and second legs 18, 19 and the connection portion of the base 26 while the second external space with triangular section 54 is delimited by the connection portion 29 of the base 26, the support structure 3 of the first wall 101 and the support structure 3 of the second wall 201.
    The corner structure 16 comprises a first external element of insulating lining 55 which is stuffed in the first external space with triangular section 53. The first external element of insulating lining 55 advantageously has a triangular section and is compressed between the external portions 24, 25 of the first and second legs 18, 19 and the connecting portion 29 of the base 26.
    The corner structure 16 further comprises a second external element of insulating lining 56 which is stuffed in the second external space of triangular section 54 and is thus compressed between the connecting portion 29 of the base 26, the supporting structure 3 of the first wall 101 and the supporting structure 3 of the second wall 201.
    The first and second external insulating lining elements 55, 56 are made from one of the materials mentioned above in relation to the lateral insulating lining elements 48, 49.
    In the embodiment shown, the first and second external insulating lining elements 55, 56 have a stack of layers of glass wool which are separated from each other by separators 57, for example made of kraft paper, and the separators 57 are advantageously oriented orthogonally to the bisector of the angle formed at the intersection between the first and the second walls 101, 201 in order to limit the convection movements inside the glass wool.
    Furthermore, between the anchoring devices 17, the corner structure 16 comprises insulating elements with a square section which are arranged in the extension of the first external space with triangular section 53 and the second external space with triangular section 54.
    Figure 6 shows a corner structure according to another embodiment. In this embodiment, the external rigid plates 46 of the first panel 42 and of the second panel 43 also extend in the second external space with triangular section 54. In this case, the second external insulating element 56 which is stuffed in the second triangular section external space 54 is compressed between the connecting portion 29 of the base 26 and said external rigid plates 46.
    FIG. 7 represents a corner structure 16 according to another embodiment. This corner structure 16 differs only in the nature and structure of the insulating elements housed in the first and second external spaces with triangular section 53, 54.
    Indeed, the corner structure 16 comprises an insulating panel with trapezoidal section 58 which is housed in the first external space with triangular section 53, bearing against the connecting portion 26 of the base 29 and a portion of the outer portions 24 , 25 of the first and second legs 18, 19. The corner structure 16 also comprises an insulating panel with triangular section 59 which is housed in the second external space with triangular section 54. According to one embodiment, the insulating panel with trapezoidal section 58 and the insulating panel with triangular section 59 are produced in a layer of polymer foam having a density between 90 and 240 kg / m 3 . The layer of polymer foam is advantageously a polyurethane foam but can also be a polyethylene foam or a polyvinyl chloride foam.
    Furthermore, the remainder of the first external space of triangular section 53 is stuffed with a first external element of insulating lining 60 which is compressed between the insulating panel of trapezoidal section 58, the external portion 24 of the first tab 18 and the external portion 25 of the second tab 19. The first external insulating lining element 60 is advantageously made from one of the materials mentioned above in relation to the lateral insulating lining elements 48, 49.
    FIG. 9 partially and explodes an angle structure 16 according to an alternative embodiment. In this alternative embodiment, on each side of each anchoring device 17, the corner structure 16 comprises a third and a fourth insulating elements 61, 62. The third and fourth insulating elements 61, 62 are arranged in line with the first external space with triangular section 53 and the second external space with triangular section 54.
    The third and fourth insulating elements 61, 62 have a composition similar to that of the first and second insulating elements 42, 43.
    Furthermore, the corner structure 16 comprises a third insulating lining element 63 which is compressed between the third insulating element 61 and the insulating components which are housed in the first external space with triangular cross section 53 and in the second external space with cross section triangular 54, namely the first and second external elements of insulating lining 55, 56 and optionally the insulating panel with trapezoidal section 58.
    Similarly, the corner structure 16 comprises a fourth insulating lining element 64 which is compressed between, on the one hand, the third fourth insulating element 61 and, on the other hand, the first and the second external insulating lining elements 55, 56 and optionally the insulating panel with trapezoidal section 58.
    The third and fourth insulating lining elements 63, 64 also aim to ensure continuity of the thermal insulation and to limit the convection phenomena inside the corner structure 16.
    The technique described above for making a tank can be used in different types of tanks, for example in a land installation or in a floating structure such as an LNG tanker or other.
    With reference to FIG. 8, a cutaway view of an LNG tanker 70 shows a sealed and isolated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary waterproof barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary waterproof barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary waterproof barrier and the secondary waterproof barrier and between the secondary waterproof barrier and the double shell 72.
    In a manner known per se, loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
    FIG. 8 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and a shore installation 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74. The mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The mobile arm 74 can be adjusted to suit all LNG tankers' sizes . A connection pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77. This comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the submarine pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75. The submarine pipe 76 allows the transfer of liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
    To generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.
    Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these are within the scope of the invention.
    The use of the verb "behave", "understand" or "include" and its conjugate forms do not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those set out in a claim.
    In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Corner structure (16) for a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid comprising a first wall (101) and a second wall (201) which each have successively, in a thickness direction of said wall , from the outside to the inside of the tank, a support structure (3), a thermally insulating barrier (2) retained at the support structure (3) and a sealing membrane (4) supported by said thermally insulating barrier (2); said angle structure (16) being intended to be arranged at an angle between the first wall (101) and the second wall (201), the angle structure (16) comprising:
    a first angle (32) comprising a first wing (34) and a second wing (36) which extend respectively in a first plane intended to be positioned parallel to the first wall (101) and in a second plane intended to be positioned parallel to the second wall (201), the first wing (34) and the second wing (36) being respectively intended to be welded in a sealed manner to the sealing membrane (4) of the first wall (101) and the membrane sealing (4) of the second wall (201); said first angle (32) being anchored to an anchoring device (16) intended to be fixed to the supporting structure (3) of the first and second walls (101, 201);
    the anchoring device (16) comprising a first tab (18) and a second tab (19) intersecting with each other, the first tab (18) and the second tab (19) extending respectively parallel to the first and second yaws, each of the first and second legs (18, 19) having an outer portion (24, 25) and an inner portion (22, 23) disposed on either side of an intersection between the first leg (18) and the second leg (19), the first wing (34) of the first angle (32) being secured to the internal portion (22) of the first leg (18) and the second wing (36) of the first angle iron (32) being secured to the inner portion (23) of the second tab (19), the outer portion (24) of the first tab (18) and the outer portion (25) of the second tab (19) being intended to extend from the intersection respectively towards the load-bearing wall of the second wall (201) and towards the port wall euse of the first wall (101);
    the corner structure (16) further comprising a first insulating panel (42) which is disposed in a first space delimited by the internal portion (22) of the first tab (18) and the external portion (25) of the second tab (19) and a first lateral element of insulating lining (48) which is compressed between the first insulating panel (42) and the external portion (25) of the second leg (19).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Corner structure (16) according to claim 1, in which the first insulating panel (42) comprises a layer of insulating polymeric foam (44) made of a material chosen from polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam and polyvinyl chloride foam.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Corner structure (16) according to claim 2, wherein the layer of insulating polymeric foam (44) of the first insulating panel (42) is reinforced by fibers.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first side element of insulating lining (48) has a density less than 90 kg / m 3 ·.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the first lateral insulating lining element (48) comprises a layer made of a material chosen from glass wool, rock wool , polyester wadding, polyurethane, melamine, polyethylene, polypropylene or silicone foams.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a second insulating panel (43) which is disposed in a second space delimited by the internal portion (23) of the second tab ( 19) and the external portion (24) of the first tab (18) and a second lateral insulating element (49) which is compressed between the second insulating panel (23) and the external portion (24) of the first tab ( 18).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first angle (32) has a middle portion (38) which connects the first wing (34) and the second wing (36) of said first angle (32) and is inclined relative to the first plane and to the second plane, the middle portion (38) of the first angle (32) defining with the internal portion (22) of the first tab (18) and the internal portion (23) of the second tab (19) an internal space with triangular section, said internal space with triangular section being stuffed with an internal element of insulating lining (51) which is compressed between your middle portion (38) of the first angle iron (32), the internal portion (22) of the first tab (18) and the internal portion (23) of the second tab (19).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the anchoring device (16) further comprises a base (26) on which the external portions (24, 25) are fixed. of the first and second legs (18, 19), the base (26) comprising a first fixing portion (27) intended to be fixed to the support structure (3) of your first wall (101) and a second fixing portion (28) intended to be fixed to the support structure (3) of your second wall (201), the base (26) further comprising a connecting portion (26) which connects the first fixing portion (27) and the second fixing portion (28) and is inclined relative to the first plane and to the second plane, the connecting portion (29) of the base (26) defining, on the one hand, a first external space triangular section (53) delimited by the connecting portion (29) of the base (26), the outer portion (24) of the first leg (18) and the external portion (25) of your second tab (19) and on the other hand, a second external space of triangular section (54) intended to be delimited by the connecting portion (29) of the base ( 26), the support structure (3) of the first wall (101) and the support structure (3) of your second wall (201).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Corner structure (16) according to claim 8, in which the first external space of triangular section (53) is stuffed with a first external element of insulating lining (55) which is compressed between the external portion (24) of ta first leg (18), the outer portion (25) of the second leg (19) and the connecting portion (29) of the base (26).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Corner structure (16) according to claim 8, comprising an insulating panel with trapezoidal section (58) which is housed in the first external space with triangular section (53), bearing against the connecting portion (29) of the base (26) and in which the remainder of the first external space with triangular section (53) is stuffed with a first external element of insulating lining (60) which is compressed between your insulating panel with trapezoidal section (58), your portion outer (24) of your first leg (18) and the outer portion (25) of your second leg (19).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, in which the second external space of triangular section (54) is stuffed with a second external element of insulating lining (56).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, in which the first external space with triangular section (53) and the second external space with triangular section (54) are respectively filled with at least one first external insulating lining element (55) and a second external insulating lining element (56), the corner structure (16) further comprising on each side of the anchoring device (17) in a parallel direction at the angle between the first wall (101) and the second wall (201), a third insulating panel (61) and a fourth insulating panel (62), the corner structure (16) further comprising a third element insulating lining (63) which is compressed between, on the one hand, the third insulating panel (61) and, on the other hand, the first external insulating lining element (55) and the second external insulating lining element (56) and a fourth iso trim element lante (64) which is compressed between, on the one hand, the fourth insulating panel (62) and, on the other hand, the first external element of insulating lining (55) and the second external element of insulating lining (56).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein each of the first and second legs (18, 19) has openings (20) and connecting tongues (21) formed between the openings (20), the connecting tabs (21) of each of the first and second legs (18, 19) passing through openings (20) of the other of the first and second legs (18, 19).
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first wing (34) and the second wing (36) of the first angle (32) are slidably mounted in a direction parallel to the intersection between the first leg (18) and the second leg (19) respectively on the internal portion (22) of the first leg (18) and the internal portion (23) of the second leg (19).
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Watertight and thermally insulating tank comprising a first wall (101) and a second wall (201) having successively, in a thickness direction of said wall, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a support structure ( 3), a thermally insulating barrier (2) retained at the support structure (3) and a sealing membrane (4) supported by said thermally insulating barrier (2); said sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a corner structure (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 14 disposed at an angle between the first wall (101) and the second wall (201); the first wing (34) and the second wing (36) of the first angle (32) being respectively sealingly welded to the sealing membrane of the first wall (101) and to the sealing membrane of the second wall (201) and the anchoring device (16) being fixed to the support structure (3) of the first and second walls (101, 201).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. Ship (70) comprising a tank (1) according to claim 15.
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. A method of loading or unloading a ship (70) according to claim 16 in which a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipelines (73, 79, 76, 81) from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation (77 ) to or from the vessel (71).
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    18. Transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a ship (70) according to claim 16, insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged so as to connect the tank (71) installed in the hull of the ship to a floating or terrestrial storage installation (77) and a pump for entraining a fluid through the isoiées pipes from or to the floating or terrestrial storage installation towards or from the vessel of the ship.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3833902A1|2021-06-16|
    FR3084645B1|2021-01-15|
    US20210317950A1|2021-10-14|
    KR20200016772A|2020-02-17|
    PH12021550286A1|2021-09-13|
    WO2020030871A1|2020-02-13|
    RU2762297C1|2021-12-17|
    CN112789442A|2021-05-11|
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    法律状态:
    2019-08-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-02-07| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20200207 |
    2020-08-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-08-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1857325A|FR3084645B1|2018-08-06|2018-08-06|CORNER STRUCTURE FOR A WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATION TANK|FR1857325A| FR3084645B1|2018-08-06|2018-08-06|CORNER STRUCTURE FOR A WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATION TANK|
    KR1020180155455A| KR20200016772A|2018-08-06|2018-12-05|Corner structure for a leaktight and thermally insulating tank|
    PCT/FR2019/051899| WO2020030871A1|2018-08-06|2019-08-02|Corner structure for a sealed, thermally insulated tank|
    CN201980065577.1A| CN112789442A|2018-08-06|2019-08-02|Corner structure for sealing heat insulation container|
    US17/266,559| US20210317950A1|2018-08-06|2019-08-02|Corner structure for a sealed, thermally insulated tank|
    RU2021101988A| RU2762297C1|2018-08-06|2019-08-02|Corner structure for a sealed and heat-insulating tank|
    EP19783582.0A| EP3833902A1|2018-08-06|2019-08-02|Corner structure for a sealed, thermally insulated tank|
    PH12021550286A| PH12021550286A1|2018-08-06|2021-02-05|Corner structure for a sealed, thermally insulated tank|
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